In this article we will look at Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) which is one of the widely used networking protocol used in Internet.   Introduction BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is the main dynamic routing protocol used across the Internet. Routers that use BGP protocol, exchange information about reachable networks. Along with information about networks, various […]

In this article we will look at Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP), which is one of the widely used protocols in IoT.   Introduction XMPP is a short form for Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol. It’s protocol for streaming XML elements over a network in order to exchange messages and presence information in close […]

In this article we will look at Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP), which is one of the widely used protocols in IoT.   Introduction CoAP stands for Constrained Application Protocol, and it is defined in RFC 7252. CoAP is a simple protocol with low overhead specifically designed for constrained devices (such as microcontrollers) and constrained networks. […]

In this article we will look at Message Queue Telemetry Transport protocol (MQTT), which is one of the widely used protocols in IoT.   Introduction MQTT is a open protocol. It is used for asynchronous message queuing. MQTT is a machine to machine protocol. It has been widely used with embedded devices. MQTT is a […]

In this article we will look at Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), one of the widely used application layer protocols in IoT.   What is HTTP? HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. It was developed by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN (Switzerland) alongside other concepts that laid the basis for the world wide web, such as HTML and URI. While […]

In this article we will look at User Datagram Protocol (UDP) which is one of the famous protocols in TCP/IP protocol suite and in IoT.   What is UDP? The User Datagram Protocol, or UDP for short, is a protocol that allows datagrams to be sent without connection in IP-based networks. To achieve the desired […]

In this article we will look at Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) which is one of the famous protocols in TCP/IP stack and in IoT.   What is TCP? The Transmission Control Protocol, or TCP protocol for short, is a standard for exchanging data between different devices in a computer network. This protocol dates back to […]

In this article we will look at famous IoT development boards like NodeMCU, Arduino Uno, Raspberry Pi, etc.   NodeMCU NodeMCU is an open-source Lua based firmware developed for the ESP8266 wifi chip. By exploring functionality with the ESP8266 chip, NodeMCU firmware comes with the ESP8266 Development board/kit i.e. NodeMCU Development board. Since NodeMCU is […]

In this article we will look at AT89S8253 Microcontroller. We will learn about its architecture and pin diagram.   Introduction to AT89S8253 Microcontroller AT89S8253 is a microcontroller manufactured by Atmel. It is widely used, cheap and uses flash memory for storing programs. Makes it ideal for experimentation due to the fact that program can be […]